Question 51
A company is hosting a web application on AWS using a single Amazon EC2 instance that stores user-uploaded documents in an Amazon Elastic Block Store(Amazon EBS) volume. For better scalability and availability, the company duplicated the architecture and created a second EC2 instance and EBS volume in another Availability Zone, placing both behind an Application Load Balancer. After completing this change, users reported that each time they refreshed the website, they could see one subset of their documents or the other, but never all of the documents at the same time.
What should a solutions architect propose to ensure users see all of their documents at once?
A. Copy the data so both EBS volumes contain all the documents.
B. Configure the Application Load Balancer to direct a user to the server with the documents.
C. Copy the data from both EBS volumes to Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS). Modify the application to save new documents to Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS).
D. Configure the Application Load Balancer to send the request to both servers. Return each document from the correct server.
Question 52
A company is planning to use Amazon S3 to store images uploaded by its users. The images must be encrypted at rest in Amazon S3. The company does not want to spend time managing and rotating the keys, but it does want to control who can access those keys.
What should a solutions architect use to accomplish this?
A. Server-Side Encryption with keys stored in an S3 bucket
B. Server-Side Encryption with Customer-Provided Keys (SSE-C)
C. Server-Side Encryption with Amazon S3-Managed Keys (SSE-S3)
D. Server-Side Encryption with AWS KMS-Managed Keys (SSE-KMS)
Question 53
A company is running an ecommerce application on Amazon EC2. The application consists of a stateless web tier that requires a minimum of 10 instances, and a peak of 250 instances to support the application's usage. The application requires 50 instances 80% of the time.
Which solution should be used to minimize costs?
A. Purchase Reserved Instances to cover 250 instances.
B. Purchase Reserved Instances to cover 80 instances. Use Spot Instances to cover the remaining instances.
C. Purchase On-Demand Instances to cover 40 instances. Use Spot Instances to cover the remaining instances.
D. Purchase Reserved Instances to cover 50 instances. Use On-Demand and Spot Instances to cover the remaining instances.
Question 54
A company has deployed an API in a VPC behind an internet-facing Application Load Balancer (ALB). An application that consumes the API as a client is deployed in a second account in private subnets behind a NAT gateway. When requests to the client application increase, the NAT gateway costs are higher than expected. A solutions architect has configured the ALB to be internal.
Which combination of architectural changes will reduce the NAT gateway costs? (Choose two.)
A. Configure a VPC peering connection between the two VPCs. Access the API using the private address.
B. Configure an AWS Direct Connect connection between the two VPCs. Access the API using the private address.
C. Configure a ClassicLink connection for the API into the client VPC. Access the API using the ClassicLink address.
D. Configure a PrivateLink connection for the API into the client VPC. Access the API using the PrivateLink address.
E. Configure an AWS Resource Access Manager connection between the two accounts. Access the API using the private address.
Question 55
A solutions architect is tasked with transferring 750 TB of data from an on-premises network-attached file system located at a branch office Amazon S3 Glacier.
The migration must not saturate the on-premises 1 Mbps internet connection.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Create an AWS site-to-site VPN tunnel to an Amazon S3 bucket and transfer the files directly. Transfer the files directly by using the AWS CLI.
B. Order 10 AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized devices, and select an S3 Glacier vault as the destination.
C. Mount the network-attached file system to an S3 bucket, and copy the files directly. Create a lifecycle policy to transition the S3 objects to Amazon S3 Glacier.
D. Order 10 AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized devices, and select an Amazon S3 bucket as the destination. Create a lifecycle policy to transition the S3 objects to Amazon S3 Glacier.
Question 56
A company has a two-tier application architecture that runs in public and private subnets. Amazon EC2 instances running the web application are in the public subnet and a database runs on the private subnet. The web application instances and the database are running in a single Availability Zone (AZ).
Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to provide high availability for this architecture? (Choose two.)
A. Create new public and private subnets in the same AZ for high availability.
B. Create an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group and Application Load Balancer spanning multiple AZs.
C. Add the existing web application instances to an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer.
D. Create new public and private subnets in a new AZ. Create a database using Amazon EC2 in one AZ.
E. Create new public and private subnets in the same VPC, each in a new AZ. Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS multi-AZ deployment.
Question 57
A solutions architect is implementing a document review application using an Amazon S3 bucket for storage. The solution must prevent an accidental deletion of the documents and ensure that all versions of the documents are available. Users must be able to download, modify, and upload documents.
Which combination of actions should be taken to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Enable a read-only bucket ACL.
B. Enable versioning on the bucket.
C. Attach an IAM policy to the bucket.
D. Enable MFA Delete on the bucket.
E. Encrypt the bucket using AWS KMS.
Question 58
An application hosted on AWS is experiencing performance problems, and the application vendor wants to perform an analysis of the log file to troubleshoot further. The log file is stored on Amazon S3 and is 10 GB in size. The application owner will make the log file available to the vendor for a limited time.
What is the MOST secure way to do this?
A. Enable public read on the S3 object and provide the link to the vendor.
B. Upload the file to Amazon WorkDocs and share the public link with the vendor.
C. Generate a presigned URL and have the vendor download the log file before it expires.
D. Create an IAM user for the vendor to provide access to the S3 bucket and the application. Enforce multi-factor authentication.
Question 59
A solutions architect is designing a two-tier web application. The application consists of a public-facing web tier hosted on Amazon EC2 in public subnets. The database tier consists of Microsoft SQL Server running on Amazon EC2 in a private subnet. Security is a high priority for the company.
How should security groups be configured in this situation? (Choose two.)
A. Configure the security group for the web tier to allow inbound traffic on port 443 from 0.0.0.0/0.
B. Configure the security group for the web tier to allow outbound traffic on port 443 from 0.0.0.0/0.
C. Configure the security group for the database tier to allow inbound traffic on port 1433 from the security group for the web tier.
D. Configure the security group for the database tier to allow outbound traffic on ports 443 and 1433 to the security group for the web tier.
E. Configure the security group for the database tier to allow inbound traffic on ports 443 and 1433 from the security group for the web tier.
Question 60
A company allows its developers to attach existing IAM policies to existing IAM roles to enable faster experimentation and agility. However, the security operations team is concerned that the developers could attach the existing administrator policy, which would allow the developers to circumvent any other security policies.
How should a solutions architect address this issue?
A. Create an Amazon SNS topic to send an alert every time a developer creates a new policy.
B. Use service control policies to disable IAM activity across all accounts in the organizational unit.
C. Prevent the developers from attaching any policies and assign all IAM duties to the security operations team.
D. Set an IAM permissions boundary on the developer IAM role that explicitly denies attaching the administrator policy.
