Question 41
The Development team receives an error message each time the team members attempt to encrypt or decrypt a Secure String parameter from the SSMParameter Store by using an AWS KMS customer managed key (CMK).
Which CMK-related issues could be responsible? (Choose two.)
A. The CMK specified in the application does not exist.
B. The CMK specified in the application is currently in use.
C. The CMK specified in the application is using the CMK KeyID instead of CMK Amazon Resource Name.
D. The CMK specified in the application is not enabled.
E. The CMK specified in the application is using an alias.
Question 42
An application has been written that publishes custom metrics to Amazon CloudWatch. Recently, IAM changes have been made on the account and the metrics are no longer being reported.
Which of the following is the LEAST permissive solution that will allow the metrics to be delivered?
A. Add a statement to the IAM policy used by the application to allow logs:putLogEvents and logs:createLogStream
B. Modify the IAM role used by the application by adding the CloudWatchFullAccess managed policy.
C. Add a statement to the IAM policy used by the application to allow cloudwatch:putMetricData.
D. Add a trust relationship to the IAM role used by the application for cloudwatch.amazonaws.com.
Question 43
A Developer's laptop was stolen. The laptop was not encrypted, and it contained the SSH key used to access multiple Amazon EC2 instances. A SecurityEngineer has verified that the key has not been used, and has blocked port 22 to all EC2 instances while developing a response plan.
How can the Security Engineer further protect currently running instances?
A. Delete the key-pair key from the EC2 console, then create a new key pair.
B. Use the modify-instance-attribute API to change the key on any EC2 instance that is using the key.
C. Use the EC2 RunCommand to modify the authorized_keys file on any EC2 instance that is using the key.
D. Update the key pair in any AMI used to launch the EC2 instances, then restart the EC2 instances.
Question 44
An organization has tens of applications deployed on thousands of Amazon EC2 instances. During testing, the Application team needs information to let them know whether the network access control lists (network ACLs) and security groups are working as expected.
How can the Application team's requirements be met?
A. Turn on VPC Flow Logs, send the logs to Amazon S3, and use Amazon Athena to query the logs.
B. Install an Amazon Inspector agent on each EC2 instance, send the logs to Amazon S3, and use Amazon EMR to query the logs.
C. Create an AWS Config rule for each network ACL and security group configuration, send the logs to Amazon S3, and use Amazon Athena to query the logs.
D. Turn on AWS CloudTrail, send the trails to Amazon S3, and use AWS Lambda to query the trails.
Question 45
An application outputs logs to a text file. The logs must be continuously monitored for security incidents.
Which design will meet the requirements with MINIMUM effort?
A. Create a scheduled process to copy the component's logs into Amazon S3. Use S3 events to trigger a Lambda function that updates Amazon CloudWatch metrics with the log data. Set up CloudWatch alerts based on the metrics.
B. Install and configure the Amazon CloudWatch Logs agent on the application's EC2 instance. Create a CloudWatch metric filter to monitor the application logs. Set up CloudWatch alerts based on the metrics.
C. Create a scheduled process to copy the application log files to AWS CloudTrail. Use S3 events to trigger Lambda functions that update CloudWatch metrics with the log data. Set up CloudWatch alerts based on the metrics.
D. Create a file watcher that copies data to Amazon Kinesis when the application writes to the log file. Have Kinesis trigger a Lambda function to update Amazon CloudWatch metrics with the log data. Set up CloudWatch alerts based on the metrics.
Question 46
The Security Engineer for a mobile game has to implement a method to authenticate users so that they can save their progress. Because most of the users are part of the same OpenID-Connect compatible social media website, the Security Engineer would like to use that as the identity provider.
Which solution is the SIMPLEST way to allow the authentication of users using their social media identities?
A. Amazon Cognito
B. AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity API
C. Amazon Cloud Directory
D. Active Directory (AD) Connector
Question 47
A Software Engineer is trying to figure out why network connectivity to an Amazon EC2 instance does not appear to be working correctly. Its security group allows inbound HTTP traffic from 0.0.0.0/0, and the outbound rules have not been modified from the default. A custom network ACL associated with its subnet allows inbound HTTP traffic from 0.0.0.0/0 and has no outbound rules.
What would resolve the connectivity issue?
A. The outbound rules on the security group do not allow the response to be sent to the client on the ephemeral port range.
B. The outbound rules on the security group do not allow the response to be sent to the client on the HTTP port.
C. An outbound rule must be added to the network ACL to allow the response to be sent to the client on the ephemeral port range.
D. An outbound rule must be added to the network ACL to allow the response to be sent to the client on the HTTP port.
Question 48
A Security Engineer has been asked to create an automated process to disable IAM user access keys that are more than three months old.
Which of the following options should the Security Engineer use?
A. In the AWS Console, choose the IAM service and select "Users". Review the "Access Key Age" column.
B. Define an IAM policy that denies access if the key age is more than three months and apply to all users.
C. Write a script that uses the GenerateCredentialReport, GetCredentialReport, and UpdateAccessKey APIs.
D. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to detect aged access keys and use an AWS Lambda function to disable the keys older than 90 days.
Question 49
The InfoSec team has mandated that in the future only approved Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) can be used.
How can the InfoSec team ensure compliance with this mandate?
A. Terminate all Amazon EC2 instances and relaunch them with approved AMIs.
B. Patch all running instances by using AWS Systems Manager.
C. Deploy AWS Config rules and check all running instances for compliance.
D. Define a metric filter in Amazon CloudWatch Logs to verify compliance.
Question 50
A pharmaceutical company has digitized versions of historical prescriptions stored on premises. The company would like to move these prescriptions to AWS and perform analytics on the data in them. Any operation with this data requires that the data be encrypted in transit and at rest.
Which application flow would meet the data protection requirements on AWS?
A. Digitized files -> Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics
B. Digitized files -> Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose -> Amazon S3 -> Amazon Athena
C. Digitized files -> Amazon Kinesis Data Streams -> Kinesis Client Library consumer -> Amazon S3 -> Athena
D. Digitized files -> Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose -> Amazon Elasticsearch
