Question 131
A company is building a data lake on Amazon S3. The data consists of millions of small files containing sensitive information. The Security team has the following requirements for the architecture:
* Data must be encrypted in transit.
* Data must be encrypted at rest.
* The bucket must be private, but if the bucket is accidentally made public, the data must remain confidential.
Which combination of steps would meet the requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Enable AES-256 encryption using server-side encryption with Amazon S3-managed encryption keys (SSE-S3) on the S3 bucket.
B. Enable default encryption with server-side encryption with AWS KMS-managed keys (SSE-KMS) on the S3 bucket.
C. Add a bucket policy that includes a deny if a PutObject request does not include aws:SecureTransport.
D. Add a bucket policy with aws:SourceIp to Allow uploads and downloads from the corporate intranet only.
E. Add a bucket policy that includes a deny if a PutObject request does not include s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption: "aws:kms".
F. Enable Amazon Macie to monitor and act on changes to the data lake's S3 bucket.
Question 132
A Security Engineer discovered a vulnerability in an application running on Amazon ECS. The vulnerability allowed attackers to install malicious code. Analysis of the code shows it exfiltrates data on port 5353 in batches at random time intervals.
While the code of the containers is being patched, how can Engineers quickly identify all compromised hosts and stop the egress of data on port 5353?
A. Enable AWS Shield Advanced and AWS WAF. Configure an AWS WAF custom filter for egress traffic on port 5353
B. Enable Amazon Inspector on Amazon ECS and configure a custom assessment to evaluate containers that have port 5353 open. Update the NACLs to block port 5353 outbound.
C. Create an Amazon CloudWatch custom metric on the VPC Flow Logs identifying egress traffic on port 5353. Update the NACLs to block port 5353 outbound.
D. Use Amazon Athena to query AWS CloudTrail logs in Amazon S3 and look for any traffic on port 5353. Update the security groups to block port 5353 outbound.
Question 133
An Amazon EC2 instance is denied access to a newly created AWS KMS CMK used for decrypt actions. The environment has the following configuration:
- The instance is allowed the kms:Decrypt action in its IAM role for all resources
- The AWS KMS CMK status is set to enabled
- The instance can communicate with the KMS API using a configured VPC endpointWhat is causing the issue?
A. The kms:GenerateDataKey permission is missing from the EC2 instance's IAM role
B. The ARN tag on the CMK contains the EC2 instance's ID instead of the instance's ARN
C. The kms:Encrypt permission is missing from the EC2 IAM role
D. The KMS CMK key policy that enables IAM user permissions is missing
Question 134
A company has enabled Amazon GuardDuty in all Regions as part of its security monitoring strategy. In one of the VPCs, the company hosts an Amazon EC2 instance working as an FTP server that is contacted by a high number of clients from multiple __cpLocations. This is identified by GuardDuty as a brute force attack due to the high number of connections that happen every hour.
The finding has been flagged as a false positive. However, GuardDuty keeps raising the issue. A Security Engineer has been asked to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The Engineer needs to ensure that changes do not compromise the visibility of potential anomalous behavior.
How can the Security Engineer address the issue?
A. Disable the FTP rule in GuardDuty in the Region where the FTP server is deployed
B. Add the FTP server to a trusted IP list and deploy it to GuardDuty to stop receiving the notifications
C. Use GuardDuty filters with auto archiving enabled to close the findings
D. Create an AWS Lambda function that closes the finding whenever a new occurrence is reported
Question 135
What are the MOST secure ways to protect the AWS account root user of a recently opened AWS account? (Choose two.)
A. Use the AWS account root user access keys instead of the AWS Management Console
B. Enable multi-factor authentication for the AWS IAM users with the AdministratorAccess managed policy attached to them
C. Enable multi-factor authentication for the AWS account root user
D. Use AWS KMS to encrypt all AWS account root user and AWS IAM access keys and set automatic rotation to 30 days
E. Do not create access keys for the AWS account root user; instead, create AWS IAM users
Question 136
A company has decided to migrate sensitive documents from on-premises data centers to Amazon S3. Currently, the hard drives are encrypted to meet a compliance requirement regarding data encryption. The CISO wants to improve security by encrypting each file using a different key instead of a single key. Using a different key would limit the security impact of a single exposed key.
Which of the following requires the LEAST amount of configuration when implementing this approach?
A. Place each file into a different S3 bucket. Set the default encryption of each bucket to use a different AWS KMS customer managed key.
B. Put all the files in the same S3 bucket. Using S3 events as a trigger, write an AWS Lambda function to encrypt each file as it is added using different AWS KMS data keys.
C. Use the S3 encryption client to encrypt each file individually using S3-generated data keys.
D. Place all the files in the same S3 bucket. Use server-side encryption with AWS KMS-managed keys (SSE-KMS) to encrypt the data.
Question 137
A company has an encrypted Amazon S3 bucket. An Application Developer has an IAM policy that allows access to the S3 bucket, but the Application Developer is unable to access objects within the bucket.
What is a possible cause of the issue?
A. The S3 ACL for the S3 bucket fails to explicitly grant access to the Application Developer
B. The AWS KMS key for the S3 bucket fails to list the Application Developer as an administrator
C. The S3 bucket policy fails to explicitly grant access to the Application Developer
D. The S3 bucket policy explicitly denies access to the Application Developer
Question 138
A Web Administrator for the website example.com has created an Amazon CloudFront distribution for dev.example.com, with a requirement to configure HTTPS using a custom TLS certificate imported to AWS Certificate Manager.
Which combination of steps is required to ensure availability of the certificate in the CloudFront console? (Choose two.)
A. Call UploadServerCertificate with /cloudfront/dev/ in the path parameter.
B. Import the certificate with a 4,096-bit RSA public key.
C. Ensure that the certificate, private key, and certificate chain are PKCS #12-encoded.
D. Import the certificate in the us-east-1 (N. Virginia) Region.
E. Ensure that the certificate, private key, and certificate chain are PEM-encoded.
Question 139
A Security Engineer has discovered that, although encryption was enabled on the Amazon S3 bucket examplebucket, anyone who has access to the bucket has the ability to retrieve the files. The Engineer wants to limit access to each IAM user can access an assigned folder only.
What should the Security Engineer do to achieve this?
A. Use envelope encryption with the AWS-managed CMK aws/s3.
B. Create a customer-managed CMK with a key policy granting "kms:Decrypt" based on the "${aws:username}" variable.
C. Create a customer-managed CMK for each user. Add each user as a key user in their corresponding key policy.
D. Change the applicable IAM policy to grant S3 access to "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::examplebucket/${aws:username}/*"
Question 140
A Security Engineer manages AWS Organizations for a company. The Engineer would like to restrict AWS usage to allow Amazon S3 only in one of the organizational units (OUs). The Engineer adds the following SCP to the OU:The next day, API calls to AWS IAM appear in AWS CloudTrail logs in an account under that OU.
How should the Security Engineer resolve this issue?
A. Move the account to a new OU and deny IAM:* permissions.
B. Add a Deny policy for all non-S3 services at the account level.
C. Change the policy to:
D. Detach the default FullAWSAccess SCP.
